/* $OpenBSD: pmap_bootstrap.c,v 1.17 2006/07/09 19:39:53 miod Exp $ */
/*
* Copyright (c) 1995 Theo de Raadt
* Copyright (c) 1999 Steve Murphree, Jr. (68060 support)
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
* the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
* Science Department.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* @(#)pmap_bootstrap.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93
*/
/*
* NOTICE: This is not a standalone file. To use it, #include it in
* your port's pmap_bootstrap.c, like so:
*
* #include <m68k/m68k/pmap_bootstrap.c>
*
* after having defined the following macros:
* RELOC relocate a variable
* PA2VA simple crude mapping for bootstraping
* PMAP_MD_LOCALS local variable declaration
* PMAP_MD_RELOC1() early variable relocation
* PMAP_MD_RELOC2() internal IO space variable relocation
* PMAP_MD_RELOC3() general purpose kernel virtual addresses relocation
* PMAP_MD_MAPIOSPACE() setup machine-specific internal iospace components
* PMAP_MD_MEMSIZE() compute avail_end
*/
extern char *etext;
extern int Sysptsize;
extern char *proc0paddr;
extern st_entry_t *Sysseg;
extern pt_entry_t *Sysptmap, *Sysmap;
extern int physmem;
extern paddr_t avail_start, avail_end;
extern vaddr_t virtual_avail, virtual_end;
extern vsize_t mem_size;
void pmap_bootstrap(paddr_t, paddr_t);
/*
* Special purpose kernel virtual addresses, used for mapping
* physical pages for a variety of temporary or permanent purposes:
*
* CADDR1, CADDR2: pmap zero/copy operations
* vmmap: /dev/mem, crash dumps, parity error checking
*/
caddr_t CADDR1, CADDR2, vmmap;
/*
* Bootstrap the VM system.
*
* Ideally called with MMU off, but not necessarily. All global references
* are relocated by `firstpa' to ensure this works. Of course, it is not
* possible to call any other functions from there. `nextpa' is the first
* available physical memory address. Returns an updated first PA reflecting
* the memory we have allocated. MMU is still in the same state when we
* return.
*
* XXX assumes sizeof(u_int) == sizeof(pt_entry_t)
* XXX a PIC compiler would make this much easier.
*/
void
pmap_bootstrap(nextpa, firstpa)
paddr_t nextpa;
paddr_t firstpa;
{
paddr_t kstpa, kptpa, iiopa, eiopa, kptmpa, lkptpa, p0upa;
vaddr_t iiobase, eiobase;
u_int nptpages, kstsize;
st_entry_t protoste, *ste;
pt_entry_t protopte, *pte, *epte;
int num;
PMAP_MD_LOCALS
/*
* Calculate important physical addresses:
*
* kstpa kernel segment table 1 page (020/030)
* N pages (040/060)
*
* kptpa statically allocated
* kernel PT pages Sysptsize+ pages
*
* iiopa internal IO space
* PT pages MACHINE_IIOMAPSIZE pages
*
* eiopa external IO space
* PT pages MACHINE_EIOMAPSIZE pages
*
* [ Sysptsize is the number of pages of PT, MACHINE_IIOMAPSIZE and
* MACHINE_EIOMAPSIZE are the number of PTEs, hence we need to round
* the total to a page boundary with IO maps at the end. ]
*
* kptmpa kernel PT map 1 page
*
* lkptpa last kernel PT page 1 page
*
* p0upa proc 0 u-area UPAGES pages
*
* The KVA corresponding to any of these PAs is:
* (PA - firstpa + KERNBASE).
*/
if (RELOC(mmutype, int) <= MMU_68040)
kstsize = MAXKL2SIZE / (NPTEPG/SG4_LEV2SIZE);
else
kstsize = 1;
kstpa = nextpa;
nextpa += kstsize * NBPG;
kptpa = nextpa;
iiopa = nextpa + RELOC(Sysptsize, int) * NBPG;
iiobase = ptoa(RELOC(Sysptsize, int) * NPTEPG);
eiopa = iiopa + MACHINE_IIOMAPSIZE * sizeof(pt_entry_t);
eiobase = iiobase + ptoa(MACHINE_IIOMAPSIZE);
/*
* Compute how many PT pages we will need to have initialized.
* We need to have enough of them for the vm system to initialize
* up to the point we can use it to allocate more PT pages - i.e.
* when we can afford using pmap_enter_ptpage().
*
* Aside from the IO maps, we need to be able to successfully
* allocate:
* - nkmempages_max pages in kmeminit().
* - PAGER_MAP_SIZE bytes in uvm_pager_init().
* - 93.75 % of physmem anons in amap_init().
* - 4 * uvm_km_pages_lowat pages in uvm_km_page_init().
*
* We'll compute this size in bytes, then round it to pages,
* then to a multiple of NPTEPG.
*/
nptpages = ptoa(MACHINE_IIOMAPSIZE + MACHINE_EIOMAPSIZE);
num = RELOC(physmem, int) / 4;
if (num > NKMEMPAGES_MAX_DEFAULT)
num = NKMEMPAGES_MAX_DEFAULT;
nptpages += ptoa(num);
nptpages += PAGER_MAP_SIZE;
nptpages += (RELOC(physmem, int) * 15 * sizeof(struct vm_anon)) / 16;
#if !defined(__HAVE_PMAP_DIRECT)
{
extern int uvm_km_pages_lowat;
if ((num = RELOC(uvm_km_pages_lowat, int)) == 0) {
num = RELOC(physmem, int) / 256;
if (num < 128)
num = 128;
}
}
nptpages += ptoa(num);
#endif
nptpages = (atop(round_page(nptpages)) + NPTEPG - 1) / NPTEPG;
nextpa += nptpages * NBPG;
kptmpa = nextpa;
nextpa += NBPG;
lkptpa = nextpa;
nextpa += NBPG;
p0upa = nextpa;
nextpa += USPACE;
PMAP_MD_RELOC1();
/*
* Initialize segment table and kernel page table map.
*
* On 68030s and earlier MMUs the two are identical except for
* the valid bits so both are initialized with essentially the
* same values. On the 680[46]0, which have a mandatory 3-level
* structure, the segment table holds the level 1 table and part
* (or all) of the level 2 table and hence is considerably
* different. Here the first level consists of 128 descriptors
* (512 bytes) each mapping 32mb of address space. Each of these
* points to blocks of 128 second level descriptors (512 bytes)
* each mapping 256kb. Note that there may be additional "segment
* table" pages depending on how large MAXKL2SIZE is.
*
* Portions of the last segment of KVA space (0xFFF00000 -
* 0xFFFFFFFF) are mapped for a couple of purposes. 0xFFF00000
* for UPAGES is used for mapping the current process u-area
* (u + kernel stack). The very last page (0xFFFFF000) is mapped
* to the last physical page of RAM to give us a region in which
* PA == VA. We use the first part of this page for enabling
* and disabling mapping. The last part of this page also contains
* info left by the boot ROM.
*
* XXX cramming two levels of mapping into the single "segment"
* table on the 68040 is intended as a temporary hack to get things
* working. The 224mb of address space that this allows will most
* likely be insufficient in the future (at least for the kernel).
*/
if (RELOC(mmutype, int) <= MMU_68040) {
/*
* First invalidate the entire "segment table" pages
* (levels 1 and 2 have the same "invalid" value).
*/
pte = PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *);
epte = &pte[kstsize * NPTEPG];
while (pte < epte)
*pte++ = SG_NV;
/*
* Initialize level 2 descriptors (which immediately
* follow the level 1 table). We need:
* NPTEPG / SG4_LEV3SIZE
* level 2 descriptors to map each of the nptpages+1
* pages of PTEs. Note that we set the "used" bit
* now to save the HW the expense of doing it.
*/
num = (nptpages + 1) * (NPTEPG / SG4_LEV3SIZE);
pte = &(PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *))[SG4_LEV1SIZE];
epte = &pte[num];
protoste = kptpa | SG_U | SG_RW | SG_V;
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = protoste;
protoste += (SG4_LEV3SIZE * sizeof(st_entry_t));
}
/*
* Initialize level 1 descriptors. We need:
* roundup(num, SG4_LEV2SIZE) / SG4_LEV2SIZE
* level 1 descriptors to map the `num' level 2's.
*/
pte = PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *);
epte = &pte[roundup(num, SG4_LEV2SIZE) / SG4_LEV2SIZE];
protoste = (u_int)&pte[SG4_LEV1SIZE] | SG_U | SG_RW | SG_V;
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = protoste;
protoste += (SG4_LEV2SIZE * sizeof(st_entry_t));
}
/*
* Initialize the final level 1 descriptor to map the last
* block of level 2 descriptors.
*/
ste = &(PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *))[SG4_LEV1SIZE-1];
pte = &(PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *))[kstsize*NPTEPG - SG4_LEV2SIZE];
*ste = (u_int)pte | SG_U | SG_RW | SG_V;
/*
* Now initialize the final portion of that block of
* descriptors to map the "last PT page".
*/
pte = &(PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *))
[kstsize*NPTEPG - NPTEPG/SG4_LEV3SIZE];
epte = &pte[NPTEPG/SG4_LEV3SIZE];
protoste = lkptpa | SG_U | SG_RW | SG_V;
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = protoste;
protoste += (SG4_LEV3SIZE * sizeof(st_entry_t));
}
/*
* Initialize Sysptmap
*/
pte = PA2VA(kptmpa, u_int *);
epte = &pte[nptpages+1];
protopte = kptpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V | PG_U;
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = protopte;
protopte += NBPG;
}
/*
* Invalidate all but the last remaining entry.
*/
epte = &(PA2VA(kptmpa, u_int *))[NPTEPG-1];
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = PG_NV;
}
/*
* Initialize the last to point to the page
* table page allocated earlier.
*/
*pte = lkptpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V | PG_U;
} else {
/*
* Map the page table pages in both the HW segment table
* and the software Sysptmap. Note that Sysptmap is also
* considered a PT page hence the +1.
*/
ste = PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *);
pte = PA2VA(kptmpa, u_int *);
epte = &pte[nptpages+1];
protoste = kptpa | SG_RW | SG_V;
protopte = kptpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V;
while (pte < epte) {
*ste++ = protoste;
*pte++ = protopte;
protoste += NBPG;
protopte += NBPG;
}
/*
* Invalidate all but the last remaining entries in both.
*/
epte = &(PA2VA(kptmpa, u_int *))[NPTEPG-1];
while (pte < epte) {
*ste++ = SG_NV;
*pte++ = PG_NV;
}
/*
* Initialize the last to point to point to the page
* table page allocated earlier.
*/
*ste = lkptpa | SG_RW | SG_V;
*pte = lkptpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V;
}
/*
* Invalidate all but the final entry in the last kernel PT page
* (u-area PTEs will be validated later). The final entry maps
* the last page of physical memory.
*/
pte = PA2VA(lkptpa, u_int *);
epte = &pte[NPTEPG-1];
while (pte < epte)
*pte++ = PG_NV;
#ifdef MAXADDR
/*
* Temporary double-map for machines with physmem at the end of
* memory
*/
*pte = MAXADDR | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V | PG_U;
#else
*pte = PG_NV;
#endif
/*
* Initialize kernel page table.
* Start by invalidating the `nptpages' that we have allocated.
*/
pte = PA2VA(kptpa, u_int *);
epte = &pte[nptpages * NPTEPG];
while (pte < epte)
*pte++ = PG_NV;
/*
* Validate PTEs for kernel text (RO). The first page
* of kernel text will remain invalid to force *NULL in the
* kernel to fault.
*/
pte = &(PA2VA(kptpa, u_int *))[atop(KERNBASE)];
epte = &pte[atop(trunc_page((vaddr_t)&etext))];
#if defined(KGDB) || defined(DDB)
protopte = firstpa | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U; /* XXX RW for now */
#else
protopte = firstpa | PG_RO | PG_V | PG_U;
#endif
*pte++ = PG_NV; /* make *NULL fail in the kernel */
protopte += PAGE_SIZE;
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = protopte;
protopte += PAGE_SIZE;
}
/*
* Validate PTEs for kernel data/bss, dynamic data allocated
* by us so far (nextpa - firstpa bytes), and pages for proc0
* u-area and page table allocated below (RW).
*/
epte = &(PA2VA(kptpa, u_int *))[atop(nextpa - firstpa)];
protopte = (protopte & ~PG_PROT) | PG_RW | PG_U;
/*
* Enable copy-back caching of data pages on 040, and write-through
* caching on 060
*/
if (RELOC(mmutype, int) == MMU_68040)
protopte |= PG_CCB;
#ifdef M68060
else if (RELOC(mmutype, int) == MMU_68060)
protopte |= PG_CWT;
#endif
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = protopte;
protopte += NBPG;
}
/*
* Finally, validate the internal IO space PTEs (RW+CI).
* We do this here since on hp300 machines with the HP MMU, the
* the MMU registers (also used, but to a lesser extent, on other
* models) are mapped in this range and it would be nice to be able
* to access them after the MMU is turned on.
*/
pte = PA2VA(iiopa, u_int *);
epte = PA2VA(eiopa, u_int *);
protopte = MACHINE_INTIOBASE | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V | PG_U;
while (pte < epte) {
*pte++ = protopte;
protopte += NBPG;
}
PMAP_MD_MAPIOSPACE();
/*
* Calculate important exported kernel virtual addresses
*/
/*
* Sysseg: base of kernel segment table
*/
RELOC(Sysseg, st_entry_t *) =
(st_entry_t *)(kstpa - firstpa);
/*
* Sysptmap: base of kernel page table map
*/
RELOC(Sysptmap, pt_entry_t *) =
(pt_entry_t *)(kptmpa - firstpa);
/*
* Sysmap: kernel page table (as mapped through Sysptmap)
* Immediately follows `nptpages' of static kernel page table.
*/
RELOC(Sysmap, pt_entry_t *) =
(pt_entry_t *)ptoa(nptpages * NPTEPG);
PMAP_MD_RELOC2();
/*
* Setup u-area for process 0.
*/
/* Zero the u-area (`pte' is not really a PTE here) */
pte = PA2VA(p0upa, u_int *);
for (num = USPACE / sizeof(u_int); num != 0; num--)
*pte++ = 0;
/*
* Remember the u-area address so it can be loaded in the
* proc struct p_addr field later.
*/
RELOC(proc0paddr, char *) = (char *)(p0upa - firstpa);
/*
* VM data structures are now initialized, set up data for
* the pmap module.
*
* Note about avail_end: msgbuf is initialized just after
* avail_end in machdep.c. Since the last page is used
* for rebooting the system (code is copied there and
* excution continues from copied code before the MMU
* is disabled), the msgbuf will get trounced between
* reboots if it's placed in the last physical page.
* To work around this, we move avail_end back one more
* page so the msgbuf can be preserved.
*/
RELOC(avail_start, paddr_t) = nextpa;
PMAP_MD_MEMSIZE();
RELOC(mem_size, vsize_t) = ptoa(RELOC(physmem, int));
RELOC(virtual_avail, vaddr_t) =
VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS + (nextpa - firstpa);
RELOC(virtual_end, vaddr_t) = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
/*
* Kernel page/segment table allocated in locore,
* just initialize pointers.
*/
{
struct pmap *kpm = &RELOC(kernel_pmap_store, struct pmap);
kpm->pm_stab = RELOC(Sysseg, st_entry_t *);
kpm->pm_ptab = RELOC(Sysmap, pt_entry_t *);
simple_lock_init(&kpm->pm_lock);
kpm->pm_count = 1;
kpm->pm_stpa = (st_entry_t *)kstpa;
/*
* For the 040 and 060 we also initialize the free level 2
* descriptor mask noting that we have used:
* 0: level 1 table
* 1 to `num': map page tables
* MAXKL2SIZE-1: maps last-page page table
*/
if (RELOC(mmutype, int) <= MMU_68040) {
int num;
kpm->pm_stfree = ~l2tobm(0);
num = roundup((nptpages + 1) * (NPTEPG / SG4_LEV3SIZE),
SG4_LEV2SIZE) / SG4_LEV2SIZE;
while (num)
kpm->pm_stfree &= ~l2tobm(num--);
kpm->pm_stfree &= ~l2tobm(MAXKL2SIZE-1);
for (num = MAXKL2SIZE;
num < sizeof(kpm->pm_stfree)*NBBY;
num++)
kpm->pm_stfree &= ~l2tobm(num);
}
}
/*
* Allocate some fixed, special purpose kernel virtual addresses
*/
{
vaddr_t va = RELOC(virtual_avail, vaddr_t);
RELOC(CADDR1, caddr_t) = (caddr_t)va;
va += NBPG;
RELOC(CADDR2, caddr_t) = (caddr_t)va;
va += NBPG;
RELOC(vmmap, caddr_t) = (caddr_t)va;
va += NBPG;
PMAP_MD_RELOC3();
RELOC(msgbufp, struct msgbuf *) = (struct msgbuf *)va;
va += MSGBUFSIZE;
RELOC(virtual_avail, vaddr_t) = va;
}
}
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