Annotation of sys/arch/i386/stand/installboot/installboot.c, Revision 1.1.1.1
1.1 nbrk 1: /* $OpenBSD: installboot.c,v 1.49 2006/02/14 17:16:19 aaron Exp $ */
2: /* $NetBSD: installboot.c,v 1.5 1995/11/17 23:23:50 gwr Exp $ */
3:
4: /*
5: * Copyright (c) 2003 Tom Cosgrove <tom.cosgrove@arches-consulting.com>
6: * Copyright (c) 1997 Michael Shalayeff
7: * Copyright (c) 1994 Paul Kranenburg
8: * All rights reserved.
9: *
10: * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11: * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12: * are met:
13: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14: * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15: * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16: * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17: * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18: * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19: * must display the following acknowledgement:
20: * This product includes software developed by Paul Kranenburg.
21: * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
22: * derived from this software without specific prior written permission
23: *
24: * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
25: * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
26: * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
27: * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
28: * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
29: * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
30: * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
31: * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
32: * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
33: * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34: */
35:
36: #include <sys/param.h>
37: #include <sys/mount.h>
38: #include <sys/time.h>
39: #include <sys/stat.h>
40: #include <sys/disklabel.h>
41: #include <sys/dkio.h>
42: #include <sys/ioctl.h>
43: #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
44: #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
45: #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
46: #include <sys/reboot.h>
47:
48: #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
49: #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50:
51: #include <machine/cpu.h>
52: #include <machine/biosvar.h>
53:
54: #include <err.h>
55: #include <a.out.h>
56: #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
57: #include <fcntl.h>
58: #include <nlist.h>
59: #include <stdlib.h>
60: #include <stdio.h>
61: #include <string.h>
62: #include <unistd.h>
63: #include <util.h>
64:
65: struct sym_data {
66: char *sym_name; /* Must be initialised */
67: int sym_size; /* And this one */
68: int sym_set; /* Rest set at runtime */
69: u_int32_t sym_value;
70: };
71:
72: extern char *__progname;
73: int verbose, nowrite = 0;
74: char *boot, *proto, *dev, *realdev;
75: struct sym_data pbr_symbols[] = {
76: {"_fs_bsize_p", 2},
77: {"_fs_bsize_s", 2},
78: {"_fsbtodb", 1},
79: {"_p_offset", 4},
80: {"_inodeblk", 4},
81: {"_inodedbl", 4},
82: {"_nblocks", 2},
83: {NULL}
84: };
85:
86: #define INODESEG 0x07e0 /* where we will put /boot's inode's block */
87: #define BOOTSEG 0x07c0 /* biosboot loaded here */
88:
89: #define INODEOFF ((INODESEG-BOOTSEG) << 4)
90:
91: static char *loadproto(char *, long *);
92: static int getbootparams(char *, int, struct disklabel *);
93: static void devread(int, void *, daddr_t, size_t, char *);
94: static void sym_set_value(struct sym_data *, char *, u_int32_t);
95: static void pbr_set_symbols(char *, char *, struct sym_data *);
96: static void usage(void);
97:
98: static void
99: usage(void)
100: {
101: fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-nv] boot biosboot device\n", __progname);
102: exit(1);
103: }
104:
105: /*
106: * Read information about /boot's inode and filesystem parameters, then
107: * put biosboot (partition boot record) on the target drive with these
108: * parameters patched in.
109: */
110: int
111: main(int argc, char *argv[])
112: {
113: int c;
114: int devfd;
115: char *protostore;
116: long protosize;
117: struct stat sb;
118: struct disklabel dl;
119: struct dos_mbr mbr;
120: struct dos_partition *dp;
121: off_t startoff = 0;
122:
123: while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "vn")) != -1) {
124: switch (c) {
125: case 'n':
126: /* Do not actually write the bootblock to disk. */
127: nowrite = 1;
128: break;
129: case 'v':
130: /* Give more information. */
131: verbose = 1;
132: break;
133: default:
134: usage();
135: }
136: }
137:
138: if (argc - optind < 3)
139: usage();
140:
141: boot = argv[optind];
142: proto = argv[optind + 1];
143: realdev = dev = argv[optind + 2];
144:
145: /* Open and check raw disk device. */
146: if ((devfd = opendev(dev, (nowrite? O_RDONLY:O_RDWR),
147: OPENDEV_PART, &realdev)) < 0)
148: err(1, "open: %s", realdev);
149:
150: if (verbose) {
151: fprintf(stderr, "boot: %s\n", boot);
152: fprintf(stderr, "proto: %s\n", proto);
153: fprintf(stderr, "device: %s\n", realdev);
154: }
155:
156: if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGDINFO, &dl) != 0)
157: err(1, "disklabel: %s", realdev);
158:
159: /* Check disklabel. */
160: if (dl.d_magic != DISKMAGIC)
161: err(1, "bad disklabel magic=0x%08x", dl.d_magic);
162:
163: /* Warn on unknown disklabel types. */
164: if (dl.d_type == 0)
165: warnx("disklabel type unknown");
166:
167: /* Load proto blocks into core. */
168: if ((protostore = loadproto(proto, &protosize)) == NULL)
169: exit(1);
170:
171: /* XXX - Paranoia: Make sure size is aligned! */
172: if (protosize & (DEV_BSIZE - 1))
173: errx(1, "proto %s bad size=%ld", proto, protosize);
174:
175: /* Write patched proto bootblock(s) into the superblock. */
176: if (protosize > SBSIZE - DEV_BSIZE)
177: errx(1, "proto bootblocks too big");
178:
179: if (fstat(devfd, &sb) < 0)
180: err(1, "stat: %s", realdev);
181:
182: if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
183: errx(1, "%s: not a character device", realdev);
184:
185: /* Get bootstrap parameters that are to be patched into proto. */
186: if (getbootparams(boot, devfd, &dl) != 0)
187: exit(1);
188:
189: /* Patch the parameters into the proto bootstrap sector. */
190: pbr_set_symbols(proto, protostore, pbr_symbols);
191:
192: if (!nowrite) {
193: /* Sync filesystems (to clean in-memory superblock?). */
194: sync(); sleep(1);
195: }
196:
197: if (dl.d_type != 0 && dl.d_type != DTYPE_FLOPPY &&
198: dl.d_type != DTYPE_VND) {
199: if (lseek(devfd, (off_t)DOSBBSECTOR, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
200: read(devfd, &mbr, sizeof(mbr)) < sizeof(mbr))
201: err(4, "can't read master boot record");
202:
203: if (mbr.dmbr_sign != DOSMBR_SIGNATURE)
204: errx(1, "broken MBR");
205:
206: /* Find OpenBSD partition. */
207: for (dp = mbr.dmbr_parts; dp < &mbr.dmbr_parts[NDOSPART];
208: dp++) {
209: if (dp->dp_size && dp->dp_typ == DOSPTYP_OPENBSD) {
210: startoff = (off_t)dp->dp_start * dl.d_secsize;
211: fprintf(stderr, "using MBR partition %ld: "
212: "type %d (0x%02x) offset %d (0x%x)\n",
213: (long)(dp - mbr.dmbr_parts),
214: dp->dp_typ, dp->dp_typ,
215: dp->dp_start, dp->dp_start);
216: break;
217: }
218: }
219: /* Don't check for old part number, that is ;-p */
220: if (dp >= &mbr.dmbr_parts[NDOSPART])
221: errx(1, "no OpenBSD partition");
222: }
223:
224: if (!nowrite) {
225: if (lseek(devfd, startoff, SEEK_SET) < 0 ||
226: write(devfd, protostore, protosize) != protosize)
227: err(1, "write bootstrap");
228: }
229:
230: (void)close(devfd);
231:
232: return 0;
233: }
234:
235: /*
236: * Load the prototype boot sector (biosboot) into memory.
237: */
238: static char *
239: loadproto(char *fname, long *size)
240: {
241: int fd;
242: size_t tdsize; /* text+data size */
243: char *bp;
244: Elf_Ehdr eh;
245: Elf_Word phsize;
246: Elf_Phdr *ph;
247:
248: if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
249: err(1, "%s", fname);
250:
251: if (read(fd, &eh, sizeof(eh)) != sizeof(eh))
252: errx(1, "%s: read failed", fname);
253:
254: if (!IS_ELF(eh))
255: errx(1, "%s: bad magic: 0x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
256: boot,
257: eh.e_ident[EI_MAG0], eh.e_ident[EI_MAG1],
258: eh.e_ident[EI_MAG2], eh.e_ident[EI_MAG3]);
259:
260: /*
261: * We have to include the exec header in the beginning of
262: * the buffer, and leave extra space at the end in case
263: * the actual write to disk wants to skip the header.
264: */
265:
266: /* Program load header. */
267: if (eh.e_phnum != 1)
268: errx(1, "%s: %u ELF load sections (only support 1)",
269: boot, eh.e_phnum);
270:
271: phsize = eh.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
272: ph = malloc(phsize);
273: if (ph == NULL)
274: err(1, NULL);
275:
276: lseek(fd, eh.e_phoff, SEEK_SET);
277:
278: if (read(fd, ph, phsize) != phsize)
279: errx(1, "%s: can't read header", boot);
280:
281: tdsize = ph->p_filesz;
282:
283: /*
284: * Allocate extra space here because the caller may copy
285: * the boot block starting at the end of the exec header.
286: * This prevents reading beyond the end of the buffer.
287: */
288: if ((bp = calloc(tdsize, 1)) == NULL) {
289: err(1, NULL);
290: }
291:
292: /* Read the rest of the file. */
293: lseek(fd, ph->p_offset, SEEK_SET);
294: if (read(fd, bp, tdsize) != tdsize) {
295: errx(1, "%s: read failed", fname);
296: }
297:
298: *size = tdsize; /* not aligned to DEV_BSIZE */
299:
300: if (verbose) {
301: fprintf(stderr, "%s: entry point %#x\n", fname, eh.e_entry);
302: fprintf(stderr, "proto bootblock size %ld\n", *size);
303: }
304:
305: close(fd);
306: return bp;
307: }
308:
309: static void
310: devread(int fd, void *buf, daddr_t blk, size_t size, char *msg)
311: {
312: if (lseek(fd, dbtob((off_t)blk), SEEK_SET) != dbtob((off_t)blk))
313: err(1, "%s: devread: lseek", msg);
314:
315: if (read(fd, buf, size) != size)
316: err(1, "%s: devread: read", msg);
317: }
318:
319: static char sblock[SBSIZE];
320:
321: /*
322: * Read information about /boot's inode, then put this and filesystem
323: * parameters from the superblock into pbr_symbols.
324: */
325: static int
326: getbootparams(char *boot, int devfd, struct disklabel *dl)
327: {
328: int fd;
329: struct stat statbuf, sb;
330: struct statfs statfsbuf;
331: struct partition *pl;
332: struct fs *fs;
333: char *buf;
334: daddr_t blk, *ap;
335: struct ufs1_dinode *ip;
336: int ndb;
337: int mib[3];
338: size_t size;
339: dev_t dev;
340:
341: /*
342: * Open 2nd-level boot program and record enough details about
343: * where it is on the filesystem represented by `devfd'
344: * (inode block, offset within that block, and various filesystem
345: * parameters essentially taken from the superblock) for biosboot
346: * to be able to load it later.
347: */
348:
349: /* Make sure the (probably new) boot file is on disk. */
350: sync(); sleep(1);
351:
352: if ((fd = open(boot, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
353: err(1, "open: %s", boot);
354:
355: if (fstatfs(fd, &statfsbuf) != 0)
356: err(1, "statfs: %s", boot);
357:
358: if (strncmp(statfsbuf.f_fstypename, "ffs", MFSNAMELEN) &&
359: strncmp(statfsbuf.f_fstypename, "ufs", MFSNAMELEN) )
360: errx(1, "%s: not on an FFS filesystem", boot);
361:
362: #if 0
363: if (read(fd, &eh, sizeof(eh)) != sizeof(eh))
364: errx(1, "read: %s", boot);
365:
366: if (!IS_ELF(eh)) {
367: errx(1, "%s: bad magic: 0x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
368: boot,
369: eh.e_ident[EI_MAG0], eh.e_ident[EI_MAG1],
370: eh.e_ident[EI_MAG2], eh.e_ident[EI_MAG3]);
371: }
372: #endif
373:
374: if (fsync(fd) != 0)
375: err(1, "fsync: %s", boot);
376:
377: if (fstat(fd, &statbuf) != 0)
378: err(1, "fstat: %s", boot);
379:
380: if (fstat(devfd, &sb) != 0)
381: err(1, "fstat: %s", realdev);
382:
383: /* Check devices. */
384: mib[0] = CTL_MACHDEP;
385: mib[1] = CPU_CHR2BLK;
386: mib[2] = sb.st_rdev;
387: size = sizeof(dev);
388: if (sysctl(mib, 3, &dev, &size, NULL, 0) >= 0) {
389: if (statbuf.st_dev / MAXPARTITIONS != dev / MAXPARTITIONS)
390: errx(1, "cross-device install");
391: }
392:
393: pl = &dl->d_partitions[DISKPART(statbuf.st_dev)];
394: close(fd);
395:
396: /* Read superblock. */
397: devread(devfd, sblock, pl->p_offset + SBLOCK, SBSIZE, "superblock");
398: fs = (struct fs *)sblock;
399:
400: /* Sanity-check super-block. */
401: if (fs->fs_magic != FS_MAGIC)
402: errx(1, "Bad magic number in superblock");
403: if (fs->fs_inopb <= 0)
404: err(1, "Bad inopb=%d in superblock", fs->fs_inopb);
405:
406: /* Read inode. */
407: if ((buf = malloc(fs->fs_bsize)) == NULL)
408: err(1, NULL);
409:
410: blk = fsbtodb(fs, ino_to_fsba(fs, statbuf.st_ino));
411:
412: devread(devfd, buf, pl->p_offset + blk, fs->fs_bsize, "inode");
413: ip = (struct ufs1_dinode *)(buf) + ino_to_fsbo(fs, statbuf.st_ino);
414:
415: /*
416: * Have the inode. Figure out how many filesystem blocks (not disk
417: * sectors) there are for biosboot to load.
418: */
419: ndb = howmany(ip->di_size, fs->fs_bsize);
420: if (ndb <= 0)
421: errx(1, "No blocks to load");
422:
423: /*
424: * Now set the values that will need to go into biosboot
425: * (the partition boot record, a.k.a. the PBR).
426: */
427: sym_set_value(pbr_symbols, "_fs_bsize_p", (fs->fs_bsize / 16));
428: sym_set_value(pbr_symbols, "_fs_bsize_s", (fs->fs_bsize / 512));
429: sym_set_value(pbr_symbols, "_fsbtodb", fs->fs_fsbtodb);
430: sym_set_value(pbr_symbols, "_p_offset", pl->p_offset);
431: sym_set_value(pbr_symbols, "_inodeblk",
432: ino_to_fsba(fs, statbuf.st_ino));
433: ap = ip->di_db;
434: sym_set_value(pbr_symbols, "_inodedbl",
435: ((((char *)ap) - buf) + INODEOFF));
436: sym_set_value(pbr_symbols, "_nblocks", ndb);
437:
438: if (verbose) {
439: fprintf(stderr, "%s is %d blocks x %d bytes\n",
440: boot, ndb, fs->fs_bsize);
441: fprintf(stderr, "fs block shift %u; part offset %u; "
442: "inode block %u, offset %ld\n",
443: fs->fs_fsbtodb, pl->p_offset,
444: ino_to_fsba(fs, statbuf.st_ino),
445: ((((char *)ap) - buf) + INODEOFF));
446: }
447:
448: return 0;
449: }
450:
451: static void
452: sym_set_value(struct sym_data *sym_list, char *sym, u_int32_t value)
453: {
454: struct sym_data *p;
455:
456: for (p = sym_list; p->sym_name != NULL; p++) {
457: if (strcmp(p->sym_name, sym) == 0)
458: break;
459: }
460:
461: if (p->sym_name == NULL)
462: errx(1, "%s: no such symbol", sym);
463:
464: if (p->sym_set)
465: errx(1, "%s already set", p->sym_name);
466:
467: p->sym_value = value;
468: p->sym_set = 1;
469: }
470:
471: /*
472: * Write the parameters stored in sym_list into the in-memory copy of
473: * the prototype biosboot (proto), ready for it to be written to disk.
474: */
475: static void
476: pbr_set_symbols(char *fname, char *proto, struct sym_data *sym_list)
477: {
478: struct sym_data *sym;
479: struct nlist *nl;
480: char *vp;
481: u_int32_t *lp;
482: u_int16_t *wp;
483: u_int8_t *bp;
484:
485: for (sym = sym_list; sym->sym_name != NULL; sym++) {
486: if (!sym->sym_set)
487: errx(1, "%s not set", sym->sym_name);
488:
489: /* Allocate space for 2; second is null-terminator for list. */
490: nl = calloc(2, sizeof(struct nlist));
491: if (nl == NULL)
492: err(1, NULL);
493:
494: nl->n_un.n_name = sym->sym_name;
495:
496: if (nlist(fname, nl) != 0)
497: errx(1, "%s: symbol %s not found",
498: fname, sym->sym_name);
499:
500: if (nl->n_type != (N_TEXT))
501: errx(1, "%s: %s: wrong type (%x)",
502: fname, sym->sym_name, nl->n_type);
503:
504: /* Get a pointer to where the symbol's value needs to go. */
505: vp = proto + nl->n_value;
506:
507: switch (sym->sym_size) {
508: case 4: /* u_int32_t */
509: lp = (u_int32_t *) vp;
510: *lp = sym->sym_value;
511: break;
512: case 2: /* u_int16_t */
513: if (sym->sym_value >= 0x10000) /* out of range */
514: errx(1, "%s: symbol out of range (%u)",
515: sym->sym_name, sym->sym_value);
516: wp = (u_int16_t *) vp;
517: *wp = (u_int16_t) sym->sym_value;
518: break;
519: case 1: /* u_int16_t */
520: if (sym->sym_value >= 0x100) /* out of range */
521: errx(1, "%s: symbol out of range (%u)",
522: sym->sym_name, sym->sym_value);
523: bp = (u_int8_t *) vp;
524: *bp = (u_int8_t) sym->sym_value;
525: break;
526: default:
527: errx(1, "%s: bad symbol size %d",
528: sym->sym_name, sym->sym_size);
529: /* NOTREACHED */
530: }
531:
532: free(nl);
533: }
534: }
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