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! 24: <a href="http://prex.sourceforge.net/">
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! 28: <td id="brief" align="right" valign="bottom">
! 29: An Open Source, Royalty-free,<br>
! 30: Real-time Operating System
! 31: </td>
! 32: </tr>
! 33: </table>
! 34: </td>
! 35: </tr>
! 36:
! 37: <tr>
! 38: <td id="directory" style="vertical-align: top;">
! 39: <a href="http://prex.sourceforge.net/">Prex Home</a> >
! 40: <a href="index.html">Document Index</a> >
! 41: i386 PC
! 42: </tr>
! 43: <tr><td class="pad" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top;"></td></tr>
! 44:
! 45: <tr>
! 46: <td id="main" style="vertical-align: top;">
! 47: <h1>Prex/i386 PC - Documentation</h1>
! 48:
! 49: <i>Version 1.3, 2005/09/05</i><br>
! 50:
! 51: <h3>Table of Contents</h3>
! 52:
! 53:
! 54:
! 55: <b>HOWTO</b>
! 56: <ul>
! 57: <li><a href="#quick">Quick Hacking Guide</a></li>
! 58: <li><a href="#floppy">How to create a Prex demo floppy?</a></li>
! 59: <li><a href="#bochs">How to run Prex with Bochs?</a></li>
! 60: <li><a href="#qemu">How to run Prex with Qemu?</a></li>
! 61: <li><a href="#image">How to modify the OS boot image?</a></li>
! 62: <li><a href="#boot">How to install the boot sector?</a></li>
! 63: </ul>
! 64:
! 65: <b>Technical Note</b>
! 66: <ul>
! 67: <li><a href="#keys">Keyboard Interface</a></li>
! 68: <li><a href="#dbg">Debugging with Bochs</a></li>
! 69: </ul>
! 70: <br>
! 71:
! 72: <h2 id="quick">Quick Hacking Guide</h2>
! 73: <p>
! 74: There are following three important points to create a Prex boot floppy
! 75: for i386-pc.
! 76: </p>
! 77: <ol>
! 78: <li>Format the floppy disk with FAT file system.</li>
! 79: <li>Write the Prex boot sector (bootsect.bin) to the 1st sector.</li>
! 80: <li>Copy the Prex kernel image (prexos) to the root directory
! 81: of the floppy.</li>
! 82: </ol>
! 83: <p>
! 84: Here, the difficult step is 2. To write the boot sector, some special
! 85: tool will be needed. Currently, only DOS utility (mkboot.com) is
! 86: available in the Prex distribution.
! 87: </p>
! 88: <p>
! 89: So, I recommend you to create the bootable demo floppy at first. Then,
! 90: you can replace the kernel image to your own kernel in the demo floppy.
! 91: </p>
! 92: <p>
! 93: The following is the most easy step to hack the Prex kernel on i386-pc.
! 94: </p>
! 95: <ol>
! 96: <li>Build your own kernel. Please refer to
! 97: <a href="build.html">"Prex Build Guide"</a>.
! 98: </li>
! 99:
! 100: <li>Create the demo floppy. Please refer to
! 101: <a href="#floppy">"How to create a Prex demo floppy?"</a>
! 102: </li>
! 103:
! 104: <li>Replace the kernel image (prexos) in the demo floppy by your own
! 105: image. You can use mtools to do it.
! 106: <pre class="terminal"> $ mcopy prexos a:\</pre>
! 107: Or, it may be easy to copy it by mounting the FAT file system to the floppy
! 108: if your OS supports it.
! 109: </li>
! 110:
! 111: <li>Boot PC with a created floppy disk.
! 112: If the system does not boot with the floppy,
! 113: you should check the BIOS settings for the boot device order.
! 114: </li>
! 115: </ol>
! 116:
! 117:
! 118:
! 119: <h2 id="floppy">How to create a Prex demo floppy?</h2>
! 120:
! 121: <ol>
! 122: <li>Download the binary file(*.img.gz) for the latest Prex boot floppy from
! 123: the following web page.<br>
! 124: <a href="http://prex.sourceforge.net/downloads.html">
! 125: http://prex.sourceforge.net/downloads.htm</a>
! 126: </li>
! 127:
! 128: <li>Unpack the image
! 129: <pre class="terminal">$ gunzip prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img.gz</pre>
! 130: </li>
! 131:
! 132: <li>Create the floppy
! 133: <ul>
! 134: <li>Unix:
! 135: <pre class="terminal">$ dd if=(your directory)/prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img of=/dev/fd0</pre>
! 136: </li>
! 137: <li>Windows
! 138: <pre class="terminal">>rawritewin (your directory)/prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img a:</pre>
! 139: </li>
! 140: </ul>
! 141: </li>
! 142: </ol>
! 143:
! 144:
! 145: <h2 id="bochs">How to run Prex with Bochs?</h2>
! 146:
! 147: <h3>Installing Bochs</h3>
! 148: <p>
! 149: Bochs is an open-source x86 pc emulator, and you can run Prex with
! 150: Bochs ons Windows/Linux.
! 151: The Bochs latest release can be downloaded from
! 152: <a href="http://bochs.sourceforge.net">
! 153: http://bochs.sourceforge.net</a>.
! 154: </p>
! 155:
! 156: <h3>Setting up for Bochs</h3>
! 157: <p>
! 158: The Prex demo disk is available for download.
! 159: The disk image is 1.44M floppy
! 160: image with FAT file format. And, this image can be used as a Bochs floppy image.
! 161: </p>
! 162: You can setup Bochs for Prex by the following steps:
! 163:
! 164: <ol>
! 165: <li>Download the binary file(*.img.gz) for the latest Prex boot floppy from
! 166: the following web page.<br>
! 167: <a href="http://prex.sourceforge.net/downloads.html">
! 168: http://prex.sourceforge.net/downloads.htm</a>
! 169: </li>
! 170:
! 171: <li>Unpack the image.
! 172: <pre class="terminal">$ gunzip prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img.gz</pre></li>
! 173:
! 174: <li>Set the path for the floppy image in your Bochs setting file "bochsrc", like:
! 175: <pre>floppya: 1_44=(your directory)/prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img, status=inserted</pre>
! 176: </li>
! 177:
! 178: <li>Set the bootable device in "bochsrc".
! 179: <pre>boot: floppy</pre></li>
! 180:
! 181: <li>Run Bochs.
! 182: <pre class="terminal">$ bochs -q</pre></li>
! 183: </ol>
! 184:
! 185: <h2 id="qemu">How to run Prex with QEMU?</h2>
! 186: <p>
! 187: If you are using QEMU, the same image created for Bochs with above info
! 188: can be used.
! 189: You can simply try Prex with QEMU by the following command.
! 190: </p>
! 191: <pre class="terminal">$ qemu -fda (your directory)/prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img -localtime</pre>
! 192:
! 193:
! 194:
! 195: <h2 id="image">How to modify the OS boot image?</h2>
! 196: <p>
! 197: If you compile the Prex source with "make" command, the OS boot image is created
! 198: as "prexos" in "img" directory. The file "prexos" must be placed in the root directory
! 199: of the Prex disk. You can test your own Prex image by replacing the "prexos" in
! 200: the floppy image.
! 201: </p>
! 202: <p>
! 203: To replace the file in the floppy image, "mtools" is useful. Before using
! 204: "mcopy", the drive A must be point to the image file in "mtools.conf" as follow:
! 205: </p>
! 206: <pre>drive a: file="(your directory)/prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img"</pre>
! 207: Then, the file copy can be performed by:
! 208: <pre class="terminal"> $ mcopy -o prexos a:\</pre>
! 209: <p>
! 210: You can use this customized Prex image with Bochs, or you can create an actual
! 211: bootable floppy disk and test it with the real PC hardware.
! 212: </p>
! 213:
! 214:
! 215:
! 216: <h2 id="boot">How to install the boot sector?</h2>
! 217: <p>
! 218: In order to boot from the floppy disk, you must install the Prex boot sector
! 219: named "bootsect.bin" into the 1st sector.
! 220: The DOS program named "mkboot.com" is available to write this boot sector.
! 221: You can create the Prex bootable floppy by the following steps.
! 222: </p>
! 223: <ol>
! 224: <li>Prepare a blank floppy disk. This must be formatted with 1.44M FAT file system.</li>
! 225: <li>Boot DOS, and put "bootsect.bin" and "mkboot.com" in the same directory.</li>
! 226: <li> Type as follow:</li>
! 227: </ol>
! 228: <pre class="terminal">a:\>mkboot a:</pre>
! 229:
! 230: <p>
! 231: You can perform these steps within Bochs if you have a DOS bootable image for
! 232: Bochs. In this case, you have to specify the drive setting of Bochs as follow:
! 233: </p>
! 234: <pre>floppya: 1_44=dos-boot.img, status=inserted
! 235: floppyb: 1_44=(your directory)/prex-X.X.X.i386-pc.img, status=inserted</pre>
! 236:
! 237: Then, type:
! 238: <pre class="terminal">a:\>mkboot b:</pre>
! 239:
! 240: Note: You had better download an Prex bootable image rather than this method.
! 241:
! 242:
! 243: <h2 id="keys">Keyboard Interface</h2>
! 244: <p>
! 245: Some special keys are defined by the keyboard driver.
! 246: </p>
! 247:
! 248: <i><b>Table 1. PC Special Keys</b></i>
! 249: <table width="80%" border="1" cellspacing="0">
! 250: <tbody>
! 251: <tr>
! 252: <th width="150">Key</th>
! 253: <th>Function</th>
! 254: </tr>
! 255:
! 256: <tr>
! 257: <td>Alt+Ctrl+Del</td>
! 258: <td>Reboot</td>
! 259: </tr>
! 260: <tr>
! 261: <td>Ctrl+C</td>
! 262: <td>Breakpoint</td>
! 263: </tr>
! 264: <tr>
! 265: <td>Ctrl+D</td>
! 266: <td>Pause until next key input</td>
! 267: </tr>
! 268: <tr>
! 269: <td>F1</td>
! 270: <td>Help for Fn dump keys</td>
! 271: </tr>
! 272: <tr>
! 273: <td>F2</td>
! 274: <td>Dump all threads</td>
! 275: </tr>
! 276: <tr>
! 277: <td>F3</td>
! 278: <td>Dump all tasks</td>
! 279: </tr>
! 280: <tr>
! 281: <td>F4</td>
! 282: <td>Dump all objects</td>
! 283: </tr>
! 284: <tr>
! 285: <td>F5</td>
! 286: <td>Dump all timers</td>
! 287: </tr>
! 288: <tr>
! 289: <td>F6</td>
! 290: <td>Dump all interrupts</td>
! 291: </tr>
! 292: <tr>
! 293: <td>F7</td>
! 294: <td>Dump all devices</td>
! 295: </tr>
! 296: <tr>
! 297: <td>F8</td>
! 298: <td>Dump memory information</td>
! 299: </tr>
! 300:
! 301: </tbody>
! 302: </table>
! 303:
! 304:
! 305:
! 306: <h2 id="dbg">Debugging with Bochs</h2>
! 307: <p>
! 308: Bochs has a capability to output the character to the console via i/o port 0xe9.
! 309: To get your printk() or sys_log() message in the console, you must configure and
! 310: rebuild Bochs/Prex as follow.
! 311: </p>
! 312: <ol>
! 313: <li>Bochs must be built with "--enable-port-e9-hack" option.</li>
! 314: <li>Prex must be built with enabling "BOCHS_OUTPUT" flag in
! 315: "prex/src/arch/i386/diag.c".</li>
! 316: </ol>
! 317: <p>
! 318: The Bochs console is useful to debug kernel because you can browse or find the log message in
! 319: the console window.
! 320: </p>
! 321: <p>
! 322: The Bochs internal debugger is also useful to debug kernel. It can be
! 323: enabled with the following configuration.
! 324: </p>
! 325: <pre class="terminal">$ ./configure --enable-debugger --enable-disasm --enable-port-e9-hack</pre>
! 326:
! 327:
! 328: </td>
! 329: </tr>
! 330: <tr>
! 331: <td id="footer" colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top;">
! 332: <a href="http://sourceforge.net">
! 333: <img src="http://sourceforge.net/sflogo.php?group_id=132028&type=1"
! 334: alt="SourceForge.net Logo" border="0" height="31" width="88"></a><br>
! 335: Copyright© 2005-2007 Kohsuke Ohtani
! 336: </td>
! 337: </tr>
! 338:
! 339: </tbody>
! 340: </table>
! 341:
! 342: </div>
! 343: <div id="bottom"></div>
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